Cognitive Techniques
Cognitive grounding techniques engage the rational, analytical parts of the brain to interrupt and reframe patterns of anxiety, worry, or intrusive thinking. By utilizing methods such as self-talk, thought-labeling, or reality checks, these techniques help individuals challenge unhelpful or distorted perceptions. They are particularly useful during episodes of anxiety, panic attacks, or when negative thought patterns become overwhelming.
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Purpose: Quickly anchors individuals experiencing anxiety or dissociation back into the present moment through grounding questions.
Facilitation Steps:
Ask participants to pause, sit comfortably, and take one calming breath.
Explain gently:
"We'll briefly ground ourselves by mentally answering simple reality-based questions."Guide participants through these questions, allowing silent reflection after each:
"Where am I right now?" (Describe your location silently.)
"What day is it today?"
"What time of day is it?" (morning, afternoon, evening)
"What am I doing right now?"
"What can I physically feel around me?" (chair, floor, clothing)
Invite a final breath and reflection:
"Notice how answering these questions helps you feel more centered in this present moment."
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Purpose: Reduces stress or anxiety by actively using reassuring statements to soothe and ground oneself emotionally and mentally.
Facilitation Steps:
Invite participants to sit comfortably and close their eyes or soften their gaze.
Introduce clearly:
"We will use gentle, affirming words to soothe and ground ourselves."Guide participants gently through repeating affirmations silently or softly aloud:
"Say to yourself: 'I am safe right now.'”
"'I am here, in this present moment.'”
"'This moment will pass, and I will be okay.'”
Encourage participants gently:
"Notice the calming effect these words have on your emotions and mind."
Close softly:
"Take a slow breath, notice any shifts in how you feel, and gently bring your awareness back to the room."
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Purpose: Quickly creates a sense of calm and security by vividly imagining a peaceful, comforting environment.
Facilitation Steps:
Invite participants to sit comfortably, eyes closed or softly lowered.
Introduce the exercise clearly:
"We'll visualize a calming and safe place to feel peaceful and grounded."Guide participants step-by-step:
"Bring to mind a place where you feel completely safe and peaceful—real or imagined."
"Imagine clearly what you see: colors, objects, scenery."
"Notice any sounds in this place, gentle and soothing."
"Feel any sensations: warmth of the sun, cool breeze, textures."
"Notice calming scents, smells that make you feel comfortable."
"Imagine if there is anything comforting to taste or drink."
Allow a minute of quiet visualization.
Gently conclude:
"Take a slow breath, feeling fully safe and calm, then slowly return your attention back here."
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Purpose: Interrupts intrusive or repetitive anxious thoughts immediately and redirects attention positively.
Facilitation Steps:
Invite participants to sit comfortably and close eyes gently or softly gaze downward.
Explain clearly:
"We will practice stopping intrusive or unwanted thoughts quickly and redirecting our attention."Guide the exercise:
"Notice when an intrusive or negative thought arises."
"Firmly say 'STOP' to yourself silently or softly aloud."
"Immediately after saying 'STOP,' shift your attention intentionally to a neutral or calming thought, sensation, or image."
Practice for a minute, guiding gently:
"Continue to notice, say 'STOP,' and redirect your attention calmly."
Conclude gently:
"Take a deep breath, observe how effective this can be, and gently bring your attention back to the room."
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Purpose: Quickly grounds the mind by engaging cognitive resources, interrupting cycles of anxiety or rumination.
Facilitation Steps:
Invite participants to sit comfortably and briefly close their eyes or softly gaze downward.
Clearly introduce the exercise:
"We will engage our minds through simple counting or math to anchor us firmly in the present."Offer guided prompts clearly and calmly:
"Begin counting backward slowly from 20 to 1 silently."
"If your mind wanders, gently return your attention to the counting."
Alternatively, guide through simple math tasks:
"Mentally recite times tables (e.g., 2 × 1 = 2, 2 × 2 = 4, etc.)."
"Do simple additions or subtractions (e.g., 50 minus 3 repeatedly)."
Practice for 1–2 minutes.
Gently conclude:
"Now take a calming breath, pause, and notice how your mind feels clearer and more grounded."